Aortic aneurysm (AA) is a bulge or widening of the aorta, the main artery that carries oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the rest of the body. It can occur in any location along the aorta, but it’s most common in the abdomen. Aortic aneurysms can be life-threatening if not treated promptly and appropriately.
Signs and symptoms
The most common sign of an aortic aneurysm is a pulsing feeling in your abdomen or a feeling of fullness. Other symptoms may include:
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Pain in your abdomen or back
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Fatigue
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Nausea
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Sweating
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Dizziness
Causes of aortic aneurysm
Aortic aneurysms can be caused by a variety of factors, including:
Atherosclerosis:
Atherosclerosis is a condition in which plaque builds up in the arteries, causing them to become hard and narrow.
High blood pressure:
High blood pressure can damage the walls of the aorta, making it more likely to bulge or widen.
Genetic conditions:
Some genetic conditions, such as Marfan syndrome, can cause the aortic wall to weaken and lead to an aneurysm.
Injury:
Traumatic injury to the aorta can cause an aneurysm.
Risk factors
Risk factors for aortic aneurysm include:
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Smoking
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High blood pressure
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High cholesterol
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Family history of aortic aneurysm
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Older age
Prevention of aortic aneurysm
The best way to prevent an aortic aneurysm is to maintain a healthy lifestyle. This includes:
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Not smoking
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Eating a healthy diet
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Exercising regularly
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Maintaining a healthy weight
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Managing stress
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Limiting alcohol consumption
Diagnosis
Aortic aneurysms can be diagnosed with a physical exam or imaging tests, such as a CT scan or MRI. Your doctor may also order blood tests to check for signs of an aneurysm.
Treatment of aortic aneurysm
Treatment for aortic aneurysm depends on the size, location, and severity of the aneurysm. Treatment may include:
Surgery:
Surgery may be necessary to repair the aneurysm or replace the damaged section of the aorta.
Medication:
Medications, such as beta-blockers, may be used to reduce the risk of an aortic aneurysm rupturing.
Prognosis of aortic aneurysm
The prognosis for aortic aneurysm depends on the size, location, and severity of the aneurysm. In general, the earlier an aneurysm is diagnosed and treated, the better the prognosis.
Coping and support
Living with aortic aneurysm can be difficult. It’s important to find ways to cope and seek support from family, friends, and healthcare professionals.
Complications of aortic aneurysm
The most serious complication of aortic aneurysm is rupture. A ruptured aneurysm can cause severe internal bleeding, shock, and even death. Other complications of aortic aneurysm include:
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Stroke
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Heart attack
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Kidney failure
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Organ damage
Living with aortic aneurysm
Living with aortic aneurysm can be challenging. It’s important to follow your doctor’s instructions and make lifestyle changes to reduce your risk of complications.
Aortic aneurysm is a serious condition that can be life-threatening if not treated promptly and appropriately. It’s important to recognize the symptoms of aortic aneurysm and seek medical attention if you experience any of these symptoms. With proper treatment and lifestyle changes, it’s possible to manage aortic aneurysm and reduce your risk of complications.
